W7202054569 Working papers AI × management and organizations

When The Frontier Moves: Outsider Innovation Across AI Paradigm Shifts

Sean F. Ennis · Yuan Gao

Also recorded as: doi:10.2139/ssrn.7243161 · ssrn:7243161

ssrn abstract page · 2026-08-10

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Recorded claims

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Using OECD-classified AI patents around the 2012 deep-learning and 2017 transformer shocks, the abstract reports more forward citations for patents whose technological centrality increased and increasing representation of new-entrant applicants among the top breakthrough patents after the shocks.

confidence: high ssrn-abstract-page apw-e1-ssrn-backfill

Scope: AI-patent innovation outcomes around two paradigm shifts

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In-corpus citations

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  • The abstract does not state the patent-sample denominator or exact observation window.

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